Classroom Culture in Vietnam: What Foreign Teachers Should Expect

Teaching in Vietnam is a rewarding experience, but it also comes with unique cultural expectations that may differ greatly from what foreign teachers are used to. Understanding classroom culture in Vietnam is essential for building trust with students, maintaining discipline, and creating effective lessons. This guide highlights what foreign teachers should expect when stepping into a Vietnamese classroom and how to adapt successfully.

1. Teacher–Student Relationship

• High respect for teachers: In Vietnam, teachers are traditionally viewed as authority figures and role models. Students are generally polite and respectful, often addressing teachers formally.
• Shyness in participation: Many students are not used to openly questioning teachers or volunteering answers, especially in large classes. This is more about cultural norms than lack of interest.

Tip: Encourage participation gradually with group work, pair activities, and positive reinforcement to help students gain confidence.

2. Class Size and Structure

• Large classrooms: Public schools often have 30–50 students per class. This can be challenging for foreign teachers used to smaller groups.
• Seating arrangements: Students usually sit in rows, though private and international schools may use group tables.

Tip: Use clear instructions, classroom signals (like clapping patterns or countdowns), and group leaders to manage large classes effectively.
 

3. Learning Style and Expectations

• Memorization focus: Traditional Vietnamese education emphasizes repetition and memorization.
• Exam-driven learning: Students are highly focused on test scores, which affects how they view English learning.
• Preference for structure: Students may expect clear rules, step-by-step lessons, and visible progress.

Tip: Blend interactive activities (games, role-plays) with structured practice to make lessons engaging while meeting expectations.
 

4. Communication in the Classroom

• Limited English use: Many younger students or lower-level learners may struggle to communicate in English.
• Reliance on Vietnamese: Some students may switch to Vietnamese when confused.

Tip: Use visuals, gestures, and simple English instructions. If possible, coordinate with a Vietnamese teaching assistant (TA) for translation and discipline support.
 

5. Discipline and Behavior

• Generally well-behaved: Vietnamese students are respectful but can become chatty, especially in large groups.
• Peer pressure: Students may avoid standing out due to cultural emphasis on harmony.

Tip: Focus on positive reinforcement rather than punishment. Reward effort, teamwork, and improvement to maintain discipline and motivation.
 

6. Parent and School Involvement

• Strong parental expectations: Parents often place high importance on English education and may ask about their child’s progress.
• School authority: Administrators and local teachers are highly respected. Building a good relationship with them helps you manage the classroom more effectively.

Tip: Keep communication professional and positive with both parents and staff to create a supportive teaching environment.
 

7. Adapting to Vietnamese Classroom Culture

• Be patient: It takes time for students to adjust to interactive, communicative teaching styles.
• Be flexible: Adapt your methods depending on class size, student age, and school type (public, private, or international).
• Be culturally sensitive: Showing respect for Vietnamese customs (such as addressing students politely and respecting hierarchy) goes a long way in building trust.

Classroom culture in Vietnam blends traditional values with growing interest in modern teaching approaches. Foreign teachers should expect large class sizes, exam-driven learning, and respectful but sometimes shy students. By understanding these cultural differences and adapting teaching methods accordingly, you can create engaging lessons, maintain a positive classroom atmosphere, and truly connect with your students. Teaching in Vietnam is more than just a job, it’s a cultural exchange that enriches both teachers and learners.